Anti-Factor Xa activity is detected in plasma for about 12 hours. Ībsorption: Peak effect of enoxaparin is observed approximately 4 hours after administration. The anti-factor Xa-to-IIa activity ratio for the LMWHs varies from 2:1 to 4:1. Thus, enoxaparin has less activity against factor IIa (thrombin) than unfractionated heparin. Due to their smaller chain length and lower molecular weight, LMWH has better activity against factor-Xa and inhibits thrombin to a lesser degree.
Smaller heparin fragments cannot bind antithrombin and thrombin simultaneously. The primary difference between unfractionated heparin and enoxaparin is their relative inhibition of thrombin (factor-IIa) and factor-Xa. Enoxaparin is an indirect anticoagulant that binds and potentiates antithrombin III (serine protease inhibitor) through a specific pentasaccharide sequence to form a complex that irreversibly inactivates factor Xa. It has a quick onset of action when given in the intravenous form. Enoxaparin is low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) with a mean molecular weight of 4000 to 5000 Daltons.
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